CVE-2023-53501

EPSS 0.0%
  • Published: 2025-10-01T12:15:53.640

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

iommu/amd/iommu_v2: Fix pasid_state refcount dec hit 0 warning on pasid unbind

When unbinding pasid – a race condition exists vs outstanding page faults.

To prevent this, the pasid_state object contains a refcount.
* set to 1 on pasid bind
* incremented on each ppr notification start
* decremented on each ppr notification done
* decremented on pasid unbind

Since refcount_dec assumes that refcount will never reach 0:
the current implementation causes the following to be invoked on
pasid unbind:
REFCOUNT_WARN(“decrement hit 0; leaking memory”)

Fix this issue by changing refcount_dec to refcount_dec_and_test
to explicitly handle refcount=1.

Related CVE by CWE

No related CWE found.

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Recently Exploited Similar Vulnerabilities

No recent KEV-listed items for this vendor/product.

How to fix CVE-2023-53501

CVE-2023-53501 is a unknown severity vulnerability affecting the affected product.

Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iommu/amd/iommu_v2: Fix pasid_state refcount dec hit 0 warning on pasid unbind When unbinding pasid – a race condition exists vs outstanding page faults. To prevent this, the pasid_state object contains a refcount. * set to 1 on pasid bind * incremented on each ppr notification […]

Exploit Difficulty: HARD
⏱️ Time to exploit: > 4 hours
🛠️ Required skills: Advanced security expertise
💰 Public exploits: Rare or not public

How to Fix:

1 Identify affected systems

- Check if you're running the affected product

2 Immediate actions

- Update to the latest patched version
- If patching is not immediately possible: restrict network exposure, apply least-privilege access

3 Verification

- Test the fix in a staging environment first
- Review logs for signs of exploitation
- Monitor for IOCs (Indicators of Compromise)

4 Long-term prevention

- Enable automatic security updates
- Set up vulnerability monitoring
- Review and harden security configurations

Exploit Difficulty Assessment

HARD
⏱️ Time to Exploit: > 4 hours
🛠️ Skills Required: Advanced security expertise
💰 Public Exploits: Rare or not public

Vulnerability Timeline

Oct 01, 2025
Vulnerability Published

CVE details first published to NVD database

Nov 12, 2025
Imported to Database

Added to this CVE tracking system

Detection Rules & IOCs

No specific detection rules generated for this vulnerability type.

No vendor/product data available.